Try to do this:

$args = array(
  \'taxonomy\' => \'kategorien\',
  \'orderby\' => \'slug\',
  \'order\' => \'ASC\',
  \'hide_empty\' => true,
  \'meta_key\' => \'YOUR_KEY_VALUE\',
  \'meta_value\' => true
);

$terms = get_terms( $args );

好的，我就是这样解决的：

    //1. Get all events with meta field 

        $args = [
          \'post_type\' => "events",
          \'posts_per_page\' => -1,
          \'meta_query\' => [
            [
             \'key\'       => \'event_archive\',
             \'value\'     => "true",
             \'compare\'   => \'!=\'
            ]
           ],
          \'fields\'        => \'ids\',       
        ];
                
        $myEvents = new WP_Query( $args );
      
 //2. Get all terms including only posts from first query 
             
        $args = [
            \'taxonomy\'   => \'kategorien\',
            \'hide_empty\' => true,
            \'orderby\' => \'slug\',
           \'object_ids\' => $myEvents->posts, 
        ];
                    
        $myTerms = get_terms( $args);